Define ecosystem
Infer that ecosystems contain multiple habitats, each supporting a variety of organisms.
An ecosystem is a larger system that includes all the living things and their relationships with the non-living parts of the environment, like air, water, and soil.
It is a specific geographic region where plants, animals, and various organisms interact with each other and also with non-living things like the weather, the Earth, sun, soil, climate, and atmosphere to create a vibrant hub of life1. And guess what? Each living thing in the ecosystem has its very own special job or role to do2!
These ecosystems can vary widely in size, from expansive deserts or lakes to something as compact as a single tree or puddle.
A habitat is part of an ecosystem. This means that an ecosystem is made up of many different habitats. You can think of a habitat as a home, and the ecosystem as the neighborhood or community where many homes (habitats) exist together.3
The desert is hot and dry, with very little water. But it still has many habitats!
1. Sandy dunes: The Fennec fox has big ears that help it stay cool and dig burrows to hide from the heat.
⭐ It has adapted to live underground during the hot day.
2. Rocky areas: Lizards live between rocks where they can hide from predators and soak up the sun.
⭐ Their rough skin keeps water in so they stay hydrated.
3. Oasis (a wet area in the desert): Palm trees grow here, and birds come to drink water and eat fruit.
⭐ Plants here have long roots to reach water deep underground.4,5,6
The rainforest is warm and wet with thick vegetation everywhere.
1. Tree canopy (high branches): Red-eyed tree frogs have sticky feet to climb leaves and stay hidden.
⭐ They are adapted to live high up, where they can find food and avoid predators.
2. Forest floor: Jaguars move quietly through thick plants, hunting animals that live on the ground.
⭐ They have strong legs and sharp eyes.
3. Rivers and streams: Piranhas and frogs live in the water.
⭐ They are adapted to breathe underwater or near it.7, 8
The grassland is open, sunny, and full of tall grasses with few trees.
1. Open plains: Blackbucks run fast through the grasses.
⭐ They have strong legs and sharp eyesight to escape predators.
2. Underground dens: Indian wolves dig dens to stay safe and raise their pups.
⭐ They are adapted to live in open land and hunt in groups.
3. Rocky patches: Lizards hide in cracks and warm themselves on sunny rocks.
⭐ Their color helps them blend in with the stones.9, 10
Watch this video11 to know more about the ecosystem:
Vid. 2.1 Ecosystem
Summary
An ecosystem includes all living things (plants, animals, microorganisms) and non-living things (air, water, sunlight, soil) in an area.
Living things interact with each other and with the nonliving parts of their environment.
A habitat is the natural home of an organism. It provides food, water, shelter, air, and space.
Habitats are part of ecosystems — like homes inside a big neighborhood.
Each organism in an ecosystem has a special role to play.
Examples of Ecosystems and Their Habitats:
🏜️ Desert Ecosystem
Fennec foxes live in burrows to stay cool.
Lizards hide between rocks and soak up the sun.
Palm trees grow near oases with long roots to reach water.
🌴 Rainforest Ecosystem
Red-eyed tree frogs live high in tree canopies.
Jaguars move silently through thick plants on the forest floor.
Piranhas and frogs live in rivers and streams.
🌾 Grassland Ecosystem
Blackbucks run fast to escape predators in open plains.
Indian wolves dig dens underground for safety.
Lizards hide in rocky areas and warm themselves on sunny rocks.
References
1 Ecosystem. National Geographic, n.d, link
2 What is an Ecosystem? Australian Museum, 2018, link
3 Difference between Habitat and Ecosystem. Difference Between.com, 2011, link
4 Desert. San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, (n.d), link
5 Desert habitat. National Geographic Kids, (n.d), link
6 Deserts Explained. National Geographic, (n.d), link
7 Rainforest Habitat. National Geographic Kids, (n.d), link
8 Rainforest Habitat. National Geographic, (n.d), link
9 Grassland Habitat. National Geographic Kids, (n.d), link
10 What are Grassland Habitats?Gaia, (n.d), link
11 Ecosystem. Youtube, n.d, link
Extensions
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